All types of trauma create stress reactions. People often say that their first feeling is the relief of being alive after a traumatic event. This can be followed by stress, fear, and anger. Trauma can also lead people to realize that they are unable to stop thinking about what happened.
How a person reacts to trauma depends on the type and severity of the traumatic event, whether the person has had any relevant previous experience or training, whether they are active or defenseless, the amount of support available after the incident, other current stressors in the person's life, personality, natural levels of resilience and any previous traumatic experience. For children 6 years old or younger, see the DSM-5 section titled “Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in 6-Year-Old Children” (more). There is clearly a correlation between trauma (including individual, group, or mass trauma) and substance use, as well as the presence of post-traumatic stress (and other trauma-related disorders) and substance use disorders. Acute stress disorder is highly associated with the experience of specific trauma rather than with the experience of prolonged exposure to chronic traumatic stress.
Traumatic stress reactions vary widely; people often adopt behaviors to control the sequelae, intensity of emotions, or distressing aspects of the traumatic experience. Trauma-based care (ICT) involves a broad understanding of traumatic stress reactions and common responses to trauma. For example, people who inadvertently re-traumatize themselves due to the program or clinical practices may have a wave of intrusive thoughts about past trauma, making it difficult for them to discern what is happening now and what happened then. In fact, a past mistake in the psychology of traumatic stress, particularly with regard to group or mass trauma, was the assumption that all survivors should express emotions associated with trauma and talk about trauma; more recent research indicates that survivors who choose not to process their trauma are as psychologically healthy as those who do.
Highlights common short- and long-term responses to traumatic experiences in the context of people who can request behavioral health services. . The most common causes of CSR are events such as a direct attack with a small arms shot by an insurgent or the impact of a military convoy by an improvised explosive device, but combat stressors cover a wide range of traumatic events, such as seeing serious injuries, seeing other people die, and making decisions on site under ambiguous conditions (e.g. (e.g., although a comprehensive presentation of the biological aspects of trauma is beyond the scope of this publication), what is currently known is that exposure to trauma leads to a cascade of biological changes and responses to stress.
Relationships require emotional exchanges, meaning that other people who have close relationships or friendships with the person who survived the trauma are also often affected by secondary trauma or by directly experiencing the survivor's traumatic stress reactions. Other similar reactions reflect idealization; the traumatic bond is an emotional bond that develops (partly to ensure survival) between aggressors who suffer interpersonal trauma and their victims, and Stockholm syndrome involves compassion and loyalty to kidnappers (de Fabrique, Van Hasselt, Vecchi, %26 Romano, 200). A trigger is a stimulus that reminds you of a trauma or a specific part of a traumatic experience. The most common diagnoses associated with trauma are PTSD and ASD, but trauma is also associated with the onset of other mental disorders, in particular substance use disorders, mood disorders, various anxiety disorders and personality disorders.
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